P = M · Φ · Ψ
This framework measures Φ — the fundamental risk surface stripped of settlement architecture distortion. The gap to Damodaran's P is Ψ.
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Methodology

For each subject country, the translator identifies trading partners capturing at least 68% of export concentration (≈ 2σ), splits them into Western and Global South blocs, then projects counterparty risk signals through the trade-weighted geometry with impedance matching at each boundary.

Western counterparty signals use blended realised and implied equity risk premia. BRICS+ signals use a hybrid approach: log-M corrected realised ERP for financially repressed economies, sovereign spread plus log-dampened FX volatility for market-spread economies, with ln(1+GDP) weighting to compress China's dominance.

Φ — Bootstrapped MRP
Ψ — Gap to Damodaran (settlement tax)
Western export exposure
Global South export exposure
Manchester · Eindhoven · Cape Town · Johannesburg
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